PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY AS AN EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE: A REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL DATA ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF WORKING WITH CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/upj/2023-3-10Keywords:
efficacy, effectiveness, effect size, psychoanalysis, psychoanalytic psychotherapy, psychodynamic psychotherapyAbstract
The paper provides a non-systematic review of the evidence of the effectiveness and efficiency of psychoanalytic interventions with children and adolescents. It examines the current state and the research specifics on the effectiveness of psychoanalytic work involving children. For the review of empirical data, the author selected 23 papers published after 2000 and grouped them into three subtopics: 1) proven efficacy of psychoanalytic psychotherapy with children and adolescents, 2) proven effectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy with children and adolescents, and 3) proven inefficacy and ineffectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy with children and adolescents or lack of evidence. Overall, randomized controlled trials demonstrated that psychoanalytic psychotherapy with children and adolescents aged 11–20 years is effective for depression, self-harm, anxiety, conduct disorder, and comorbid behavioral and emotional disorders – compared to no interventions (a control group from the waiting list) and treatment as usual. In addition, psychoanalytic psychotherapy was as effective as CBT when working with bulimia nervosa and major depressive disorder, as family psychotherapy for severe depression, as prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD, and as psychosocial interventions for depression. Cohort and test-retest studies involving children and adolescents aged 4 to 21 years have demonstrated the effectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy in working with affective, conduct, emotional, anxiety, depressive, and personality disorders, severe externalizing pathology, eating disorders, and psychiatric issues compared to no intervention, treatment as usual, or baseline. In addition, data showed the effectiveness of psychoanalytic interventions for ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder relevant to behavioral therapy with and without methylphenidate medical therapy.
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