INTEGRATION OF PSYCHOANALYSIS AND CRISTIAN PEDAGOGY IN OSKAR PFISTER’S ACTIVITIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/upj/2023-3-7Keywords:
Oscar Pfister, Christian upbringing, pedagogical analysis, pedanalysis, psychoanalytic pedagogy, psychoanalysisAbstract
The article reveals the main milestones of life and key ideas of O. Pfister. It is noted that O. Pfister was born in Zurich into a family of a Protestant priest and a piano teacher. Despite the fact that O. Pfister’s father passed away three years after the birth of his son, Oscar continued to have a strong connection with religion throughout his life. Because the Christian church, according to O. Pfister’s perspective, couldn’t satisfy people’s spiritual needs, the young priest sought to develop an approach that would help others deal with their fears and conscience. For this purpose, O. Pfister began studying and implementing the ideas of Sigmund Freud, with whom he maintained friendly relations throughout his life. Additionally, O. Pfister managed to influence representatives of the Catholic Church and contribute to a friendly-neutral attitude of the Pope towards psychoanalysis. Attempting to merge the ideas of psychoanalysis and Christian upbringing, O. Pfister developed a unique method of pedagogical analysis (pedanalysis), aimed at treating deviant behavior in adolescents and teaching children to accept themselves. In this context, the teacher’s key task was to convey spiritual and moral guidance to the students. In other words, the teacher was supposed to serve as an ideal role model for students to emulate. Thanks to O. Pfister’s work within the realm of psychoanalytic pedagogy, two goals were identified – a negative goal, focusing on correcting a child’s behavioral manifestations, and a positive goal, aimed at developing giftedness and personal autonomy. The conclusion is drawn that against the backdrop of authoritarian education prevailing in European countries, O. Pfister aimed to redirect pedagogy in a way that moral education and conscious attitudes towards learning would replace the compulsion and dictation of the authoritarian system. In summary, it is noted that the creative ideas of O. Pfister received a new impulse in the second half of the 20th century and continue to arouse the interest of experts to this day.
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